Volkers was arrested on Friday and is due to appear in court next month in Queensland state, the report said.
"A 59-year-old Sunshine Coast man has today been charged with five counts of indecent treatment of a child," Queensland police said in a statement.
"The man was arrested by State Crime Command’s Child Abuse and Sexual Crime Group. He will appear in the Maroochydore Magistrates Court on Nov. 13, 2017."
Local media said Volkers would fight the charges.
“It’s been 15 years I’ve been subject to this,” News Ltd media quoted him as saying.
Volkers coached twice Olympic champion Susie O'Neill and two-times world breaststroke champion Sam Riley.
He was arrested in Australia in 2002 on charges of indecent behaviour.
The charges were dropped for lack of evidence but he was banned from working with children under age 16.
He has consistently denied the allegations against him.
Volkers moved to Brazil in 2011 and became the swimming coach at the Minas Tennis Club in Belo Horizonte, which has produced some of Brazil’s best swimmers.
He coached Brazil’s Olympic gold medallist Cesar Cielo but was excluded from the nation's team at the Rio Olympics last year at the request of Australian Olympic Committee.
