The signing of the Southland first five-eighth or fullback was announced today.
The move means Robinson will join his former New Zealand under-20 teammate Aaron Cruden in Hamilton after Cruden last month signed a contract to end his term with the Hurricanes.
As well, Robinson will link up with his New Zealand Maori captain, loose forward Liam Messam.
New Chiefs head coach Dave Rennie coached the national under-20 team who won the age group World Cup in 2009 when Robinson played an influential role in their success.
"He is a good man, has an excellent skill set with the ability to play both 15 and 10," Rennie said of Robinson.
"That sort of versatility is crucial for such a demanding campaign."
Robinson said he had enjoyed his time with the Highlanders.
"The opportunity to move north and push for a starting spot with the Chiefs was too good to let slip by," he said.
"I'm focused on next year being a big one and am looking forward to getting to Hamilton and getting stuck into it".