Volts seamer Matt Bacon starred on the final morning of the three-day game. He took three for 15 in a devastating spell.
Canterbury slumped from four for none to 89 for eight at lunch.
The visitors declared during the break, leaving Otago chasing a modest total of 53 runs.
Bacon ripped through the Canterbury top order but had some help from an unlikely source. Part-time seamer Josh Tasman-Jones helped mop up the tail with three for 10, while former international spinner Mark Craig also impressed with two for 20.
Otago coach Rob Walter was pleased with the effort.
"The guys bowled extremely well and we took our chances," he said.
"There was some good energy on the field so I was happy.
"Matt bowled really, really well. He had struggled with his rhythm but his effort today was on the money. They were quality wickets and it was a quality spell."
The Volts open their first-class campaign against Northern Districts in Mount Maunganui next week.
Northern is expected to name a team full with internationals, so the level of competition will rise significantly.
Otago will name its team early next week. Craig is expected to be named captain.
Wicketkeeper-batsman Mitch Renwick sustained a blow to the knee on day one of the match and he is in a race to be fit for the season-opener.
Brad Wilson filled in during Renwick’s absence but "is not putting his hand up" to continue in the role if Renwick is ruled out.
Batsman Shawn Hicks is also carrying an injury. A decision on their fitness will be made on Monday.
