Mr Cadogan had a landslide victory against his mayoral challenger, Victoria Bonham, who scored 839 votes against Mr Cadogan's 7093 votes.
She congratulated Mr Cadogan on his success and said she would continue to campaign and lobby for "a safer, healthier, fairer Central Otago from the other side of the table".
Mr Cadogan said he was "humbled" to be re-elected and the result was a "degree of faith" from voters.
He said he would continue to work on the major issues facing Central Otago, including what he saw as the district's biggest issue, housing affordability. He also wanted to "lead and educate" residents about water issues being dealt with by the Otago Regional Council, and ensure the district council kept improving its management of waste issues.
The council has four new faces: Tamah Alley, Tracy Paterson and Ian Cooney for the Vincent ward, and Cheryl Laws in the Cromwell ward.
Councillors re-elected are Martin McPherson and Lynley Claridge (Vincent ward); Nigel McKinlay, Neil Gillespie and Shirley Calvert (Cromwell); and Stephen Jeffery (Teviot Valley) and Stu Duncan (Maniototo), who were both re-elected unopposed.
There are also several new faces on community boards: Tony Buchanan, for the Cromwell board; Mark Harris, for the Maniototo board; Anna Robinson and Roger Browne, for the Vincent board; and Cushla Browning and Norman Dalley, for the Teviot board.
The other successful community board members are Robin Dicey, Anna Harrison and Werner Murray (Cromwell); Russell Garbutt and Sharleen Stirling-Lindsay (Vincent); Duncan Helm, Robert Hazlett and Sue Umbers (Maniototo) and Raymond Gunn and Sally Feinerman (Teviot Valley).
The numbers
Tim Cadogan - 7633
Victoria Bonham - 893
Margin - 6740
Voter return - 56.27%, being 8808 votes