They were found this year when the street was dug up to replace old pipes laid in the 1880s.
New Zealand Heritage Property principal archaeologist Naomi Woods said the company had been working in the Bath St road reserve for the past few months.
She said it knew some of what would be found underground because of previous research.
"We knew that the road had been built up a lot but we weren’t expecting quite as much stuff in the fills."
The archaeologists dug about 1.5m deep in Bath St from the intersection with Stuart St to John Swan & Co.
So far findings included a 19th century Doctor Conquest Health Bitters bottle, ink bottles, shoes, bricks and charcoal.
Dr Woods said a lot of the materials found were used to build the road several metres up from ground level because Dunedin was a "big swamp".
Dr Woods was hoping to find artefacts from the public baths that Bath St was named after when they began digging into the private property areas.
"It was just kind of a rickety timber building on piles so I don’t know how much we will find.
"They got their water from the water course that is causing all the problems."
She said it was a very busy area in the 19th century with a pots factory, stables and houses all around.
The discovered artefacts will go to the Heritage Property’s lab and storage space and once the works are complete the items will be analysed.
A report will be produced for Heritage New Zealand, Toitu Otago Settlers Museum and the Dunedin City Council.
