In 32-year-old Alistair McFarlane’s case, it was nearly 13 years.
In 2009, as a teenager, he robbed the Mosgiel Mini Mart of $350 while armed with a machete and was jailed for three years and four months.
The punishment did not have the desired effect.
McFarlane appeared in the Dunedin District Court yesterday after pleading guilty to another aggravated robbery — of the same dairy.
This time he was jailed for four years and 11 months.
McFarlane was driven to the Gordon Rd premises by Australian deportee Corey James Young (31) on March 3.
The shopkeeper was preparing to close when McFarlane walked in wielding a claw hammer.
Court documents described how the defendant had disguised himself by wearing a bandanna over his face, a hood over his head and gloves.
When the victim saw him raise the hammer over his head, he immediately backed off, but his retreat was not fast enough to evade the blow which fractured his skull.
He ran around the corner to King St where Young was waiting, threw the loot into the boot and jumped into the passenger seat.
Members of the public witnessed the hasty getaway and took note of the vehicle’s registration plate.
Young drove off "well in excess" of the 50kmh limit towards the intersection with Gordon Rd, and sped through a red light.
He pleaded guilty to dangerous driving and robbery, and was sentenced to three years and two months’ imprisonment.
The dairy owner, who spent five days in hospital, had since sold the business for half of what he paid for it, Judge Michael Turner said.
"The sale was driven by the fear there would be further robberies and his life would be at risk," he said.
The victim had moved cities but still suffered nightmares of being attacked.
A report identified McFarlane’s alcohol and drug problems, but said those were secondary to his ongoing mental-health issues.
His childhood was plagued by trauma, which included exposure to violence and drugs, the court heard.
Counsel Sarah Saunderson-Warner also highlighted the fact her client had been involved in a vehicle crash a year ago in which he broke his neck.
He had two children living across the Tasman.
Like McFarlane, Young, too, had suffered a head injury — his from a horse-riding incident 11 years ago.
Young blamed his offending, which included driving convictions from an earlier incident in the Octagon, on a lack of support on his return to the country.
Both defendants were ordered to repay the cost of the stolen tobacco.
History repeating
July 21, 2009: McFarlane, armed with a machete, robs Mosgiel Mini Mart of $350.
Aug 11, 2009: Attempts to flee the Dunedin District Court after being denied bail.
Nov 23, 2009: Jailed for three years and four months.
Mar 3, 2022: McFarlane hits Mosgiel Mini Mart owner with a hammer and steals $3455 of tobacco.
Nov 15, 2022: Sentenced to nearly five years’ imprisonment.